Optical Biosensors : Fundamentals & Trends

Because of the need in medical diagnostics and more recently, the worldwide concern of the threat of chemical and bioterrorism great demand of bio-intelligence arises. Here, the review of biosensors technology with specific concentration on optical biosensors is provided. Remarkable developments have been reported in the last few years in the field of optical biosensors. Optical biosensors utilize optical techniques to detect and identify chemical or biological species. Due to tremendous advantages, the field of optical biosensors has been emerged as a topic of great interest. In this review article the basic principle, classification, biorecognization systems and immobilization techniques are explained. Finally, some examples of current applications and opportunities for future developments including nanomaterial and nanotechnology are explored.